So when having a texture with limited permissions, you can use this texture to texture objects, with the plain texture system (Blinn-Phong), but not with GLTF Overrides. It does not work in the object editor and it does not work through scripts. I have been trying to set a no transfer texture as a PRIM_GLTF_BASE_COLOR with llSetPrimitiveParams through LSL, but it throws a permission error. In the editor, it is simply not possible to place the texture in the slot for the selected texture face.
Now I assume that they are supposed to work like plain textures (Blinn-Phong), based on this quote by Brad Linden:
[2024/07/09 12:13:41] Brad Linden: the PBR texture UUID permissions should follow existing patterns for how plain texture UUIDs work in LSL.
That would mean that it's not working as intended. The full video from where this statement is taken can be watched here (Thanks Kristy Aurelia for providing this).